The Effect of Cooperative Learning, Motivation and Information Technology Literacy to Achievement

The weakness of student understanding on physics (or science in general) at high school is one reason of the low of sciences research achievement in the higher education. In other words, the achievements and motivation of high school students in science learning will influence the advances in science. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of motivation, IT literacy and cooperative learning strategies to learning achievement of high school students. This research used two stay-two stray approach as cooperative learning model. The statistical analysis used ANCOVA with motivation and IT literacy as covariates. The result showed that learning strategy affected the learning achievement. Motivation could be used to explain the learning achievement, but not for IT literacy. Keyword: motivation, literacy, cooperative learning, education, achievement INTRODUCTION The low science literacy in Indonesia cannot be separated from the quality of teachers, facilities and the less instructional strategies used by teachers. Surya states the teacher quality gap. Teachers of science and mathematics in various cities and districts in Indonesia have differences quality (Surya, 2010). There is a quality and skill gap between teachers in large cities and rural areas, especially in disadvantaged areas. In many cases, science teachers focus on concepts contained in the book. Science teachers still tend to retain the sequences in the book, regardless of the suitability of the student-learning environment. This makes learning ineffective, because the students are not responding to the subject matter and tend to cause boredom (Latifah, 2011). The learning quality improvement has not given a significant result, because the teachers still do not have sufficient skills in using learning models, so the day-to-day learning in schools still use the same strategy, i.e. direct lesson teaching strategy (Darliana, 2011). Technology and science development influence on new opportunities in strategies and methods of learning, including the learning of science in secondary schools (Sangrà & González-Sanmamed, 2010) (Nethercott, Marianti, & Hunt, 2010). Constructivism paradigm as a paradigm that can give more opportunities to students for better understanding the knowledge in a variety of perspectives gives many possibilities. Learning approach that more centered on the learner (student centered learning) has been studied more intensively to improve the learning quality (Sahin, 2010). The expectation of this approach is that learning activities can be managed and directed independently by students (Ogawa, 2011) to achieve the learning goal (self-regulated learning).The fruitful learning model was developed by utilizing International Journal of Learning & Development ISSN 2164-4063 2014, Vol. 4, No. 2 www.macrothink.org/ijld 59 a variety of learning resources in order to provide a better learning environment (Gatch, July 2010). The promoting of learning process improvement that more students centered in the classroom is very important in order to improve student motivation to learn science better. Teachers should enhance their ability to develop learning material that appropriate to student characteristics to provide opportunities of conducting meaningful learning (Roksa & Potter, 2011). On the other hand, the penetration rate of mobile Internet use among teens should be taking into account. The fact indicates that students have high IT literacy as internet generation. Probably there is a skill gap between teacher and student in the IT literacy. This situation will affect the capability of teacher to arrange better learning environment for student to learn science. The problem on student motivation in this phenomenon will contribute to student learning achievement. Thus, the purpose of this research is to develop an appropriate learning strategy on the science learning in the senior high school, to know whether motivation can affect the learning achievement or not, and whether the IT literacy can affect the learning achievement on science learning.